Hiko vs. Taruwa Forklift: Ko Tēhea e Tika ana mō Tō Kainaha?

Ko ngā pūnaha hiko me ngā rerekētanga o ngā wira tāpui hiko me ngā wira tāpui tararewa

Ngā rerekētanga matua i te pūnaha hiko me te whakahaere

Ko ngā kaiparau hiko e whakahaere ana i ngā pākahiko e whakarewa ana, he tino ka tīmata i te hiko mātā, e hāngai ana rānei ki te mōhini hiko e kore rawa he whakaputanga. E whakawātea ana i ngā mahi ki roto i ngā wharepaku me ngā whare whakapaku i reira ko te kounga o te hau he mea nui. I te tata ki te kaha, ko ngā kaiparau hiko toa he mōhini hiko toa e whakahaere ana i te kora hinu toa. Ko ēnei taputapu e whakarato ana i te kaha o te tāwhai e hiahiatia ana mō ngā mahi tāpokai taumaha, i ētahi wā e paku ake i te 35,000 ponamu te kaha o te tau. Ko te nuinga o ngā wā ka pai ake te mahi ki waho i ngā takotoranga pāpaku rānei i ngā takotoranga hau parurenga. Ko ngā utu tiaki e iti ake ana i ngā tauira hiko nō te mea kāore he maha ngā wāhanga e pakaru ai. Ko ētahi tātai e whakaatu ana i ngā penapena e toru tekau ōrau te rahi i ngā tauira toa mā te whakauru i ngā mahi ake i te whakakapi i te hinu, te whakakapi i ngā kāpure, me te whakauru i ngā pūnaha whakaputanga hau ki te mahi pai i roto i te wā tonu.

Te pānga ake o te takotoranga o te wāhi mahi ki te whiriwhiri i te kārā (forklift)

Ko te nuinga o ngā wharepaku kei roto ka tīmata ki te whakamahi i ngā kārā hiko nā te mea he iti ake, he whakapā ana (kei te tata ki te 75 dB, neke atu rānei), ā, kāore hoki e whakaputua te hau ki roto. He wehe kē te āhuatanga ki waho. Ko ngā wāhi pērā i ngā tūmatanui hanga me ngā tāone rakau e whakamahi tonu ana i ngā tauira taru. Kāore te whenua i reka katoa. Whai whakaaro ki ngā maraa parure, ki te whenua pounamu, ki ngā pilinga kōkiato e āhua ngoikera ana ki te rawa iti. E hiahiatia ana ngā taputapu e āhua ngoikera ana kia kaua e pakaru. Ko ētahi atu kamupene e mahi ana ki te roto me te waho ka mutua te whakamahi. Ka whakamahia e rātou ngā kārā hiko ki te tata ki ngā wāhi uta ki te wāhi e nui ana te wāhi, engari ka huri ki te taru ina neke ana i ngā taputapu ki te tāone, ki te wāhi rānei. He tika tēnei ina whai mōhio e mōhio ana koe ki te mahi pai ake o ia tauira.

Te tōwhai rānei o ngā tauira hiko me taru ki roto, ki waho rānei

Ka ngaro te kaha ake o ngā tātaku hiko i te makariri tino (raro i te 15°C), kei te pēra tonu te mahi a ngā mōhinu tīesela i ngā tikanga kino. Heoi anō, ki ngā taiao mōrearea pērā i te rokiroki kai, he tāone hoki rānei, he nui ake ngā painga a ngā tauira hiko i ngā tīesela, e aki ai te whakaputanga monoxide carbon me te whai i ngā tāura OSHA mō te kounga hau.

Te Nui o Te Nga Tangohanga: Tātaku Hiko vs Tātaku Tīesela

Ngā utu tuatahi me ngā tāpiri roa-roa

Ko ngā tāku mātātoko hiko he 20-25% te nui ake o te utu tuatahi i ngā tauira taru, i te nuinga o te wā he tauhokohoko taru hiko, he utu hoki ki te utu. Heoi anō, ko ngā whakataunga taunaha mō ngā taputapu hiko, me ngā penapena i te wā roa e āki ai i ēnei utu i roto i te toru ki te rima tau.

Ngā utu whakahaere, me ngā utu huinga

Ko ngā tāku mātātoko hiko he iti ake te utu ki te whakahaere i te tau, e 40% te iti ake o ngā utu whakahaere i te tau. Ko te take, he iti ake ngā wāhanga hinana e hiahiatia ana kia whakauru hou, pērā i te whakakapi i te hinu mōhini, i ngā tātari. Mō ngā utu hiko, he nui ngā penapena a tāku mātātoko hiko, e $1,200 ki te $2,500 te utu hiko i te tau, i te nuinga o te wā e $5,000 ki te $7,000 te utu taru i te tau.

Te kaha, me te hua whai hua i ngā whakamahinga o te ao tūmatanui

Te hiko, te tātaha, me te kaha eke i raro i te whakamahi kaha

Ko ngā tōka hiko hei whakakei i ngā wā katoa, ā, he tino raweke hoki te whakaputanga hiko, nō reira he tōka tātai mō ngā mahi i roto i ngā whare e hiahiatia ana ngā uta pēnei. I te wehe, ko ngā tōka tīisera ka whakamahia mā ngā mahi whakapakoko pīroiroi ki waho, i reira ka tuku hiko nui ki te taumata e hiahiatia ana mō ngā whakamahinga uaua pēnei i ngā tāone wharf me ngā tūmatanui hanga.

Te wā tā Kaiwhakakaha Maimo Hiko vs. Te Whakakaha Whakakaha Tīisera

Ko ngā batere lithium-ion e ono ki te waru haora te roa e tāuta ana, engari ko te nuinga o ngā kaiwhakahaere e whakamahi ana i ngā wā poto noho hei tāuta tere kia kaua ai te wā kore mahi. Ko ngā tōka tīisera, i te wehe, ka taea e rite ki te rima meneti te whakakī i ā rātou tāpete. Heoi anō, me whakahaere tonu i ngā inihini tīisera, ā, ko te nuinga o ngā whakaputanga hau me ngā utu whakahaere.

Ngā aronga āke i ngā Tōka Hiko

Kei te whakamahia haere pea te hangarau tāku kaha hiko i te tāone tuku kaha. Kei te whakarato inihua pākahukahu-lithium i te 15–20% teitei ake te kaha o te kaha, tōtika ana mō ngā whakahaerenga e waru haora te roa ki te kotahi te tāpoi. I tua atu, āwhina ana i ngā pākahukahu i ngā tāku kaha kia whai mahi tonu i ngā wā pani rānei, i ngā wā heke haere rānei te āhu, e whakarato ana i tētahi whakautu e roa atu ana mō ngā hiahia o ngā wharepaku o āianei.

Tuhinga o te whakamahinga i te mahi

I tētahi tāwhai 14 marama ki tētahi kaihanga rāwekanga nui o te Asia, i whakawhitingaia ngā tāku kaha hiko (23) me ngā tāku kaha tohura (19) kei ngā whakahaerenga whakapaku. Ko ngā hua he tino pai ake mō ngā tauira hiko, i te 93% te wā kua whakamahia, i te tata ki te 84% mō te tohura, i iti ake te kaha kua whakamahia i te $1.20 i te haora i te tata ki te $4.70 o te tohura, ā, i iti ake hoki ngā haora tiaki mō te marama.

Te whakatutuki i ngā tikanga aronui me ngā whāinga whakapau tāngata o ngā kamupene

Ko te neke atu ki ngā tāku mātātoko hiko e āwhina i ngā kamupene e whai tōrite ana ki ngā whakaeke whakakaha o te ao ki te whakatutuki i ngā ture whakaputanga pāpaku pērā i ngā tikanga EU Whakapapa Tuarima me te rite ki ngā whakaritenga whakaputanga o te apanuku. Ko te whakamahi tāku hiko e iti ake ai te whakaputanga pāpaku i te wā e whai oranga ana i te utu mō te whakahaere me te whakahaere, ā, e āwhina ana i ngā pakihi kia eke ki ngā whāinga whakapau tāone.

Ngā Tōrere āwhāwhā me ngā Tūhono Whakahaere mō ngā Roopu Pāpaku

Kei te neke haere te ahumoni rāwekenga ki ngā tāku mātātoko hiko, ā, kei te whakamahi mātātoko hiko ngā kamupene maha kia rite ki ngā tikanga whakamarumaru kāore ake, pērā i te hōtaka Advanced Clean Fleets o California. E mōhiotia ana ka pātata pea ngā taputapu wharepaku hiko ki te hoko hou ina neke haere ngā ahumoni i ngā taputapu kaha ake ki ngā kōwhiringa whakapau tāone.

Wāhanga FAQ

He aha ngā rerekētanga matua i waenganui i ngā tāku hiko me ngā tāku tīesēli?

Ko ngā perekau hiko ka whakangāhia e ngā pākahiko e taea te tāutu hoki, ā, kāore he whakaputanga, nō reira he tino pai mō te whakamahi ki roto. Ko ngā perekau toa rātā he mōhinu hāngai ake i runga i te toa rātā, e whakaratonga ai i te kaha ake mō te tō mai i te wāhi pīroiroi, nō reira he tino whaihua mō te whakamahi ki waho, ina heke ki ngā tikanga pīroiroi.

Pēhea te pā ki te kounga o te hau a ngā perekau hiko?

Kāore ngā perekau hiko e whakaputu i ngā hau whakamāwe, e pai ake ai te kounga o te hau ki roto, ina heke ki ngā wāhi kua pakaru mai te hau pērā i ngā wharepaku, ngā toihau hoki. Kei te whakaaetia hoki ki ngā tātohu o OSHA mō te kounga hau, he mea nui tēnei ki ngā taiao e mōhiotia ana ki te kounga hau.

He aha te utu whaihua ake o ngā perekau hiko tēnā i ngā perekau toa rātā?

Ahakoa te nui ake o ngā utu tuatahi mō ngā tākiri hiko, kei te whakaratoa hoki i ngā utu iti ake i te wā roa. Ko ēnei tākiri he iti ake i te 40% ngā utu tiaki i ia tau, ā, he iti ake hoki ngā utu hiko i ngā utu kora o ngā tākiri toa. Ka taea hoki ngā whakaritenga taake mō ngā taputapu hiko te whakapai i te utu tuatahi nui i roto i te toru ki te rima tau.

Kei hea ngā tākiri hiko e tino tika ai mō te whakamahi?

Ko ngā tākiri hiko he tino tika mō ngā taiao o roto pērā i ngā wharepaku me ngā whare whakapaku, i reira e nui ana te kounga o te hau me te iti o ngā oro. Ko ēnei tākiri he pai hoki ki ngā umanga e hiahiatia ana kia iti ake te kaha o te monoxide hāora, pērā i te rokiroki kai, te whakapakoko rānei.

He āhua e āhua haere ana mō ngā tākiri hiko?

Ae, ko ngā whakapai ake ko ngā pākahiko lithium-ion ki te nui ake te hihiani hauora e āwhina ai i te roa o te kaha ki te kotahi te tāutanga, e whakahaere pū ana i ngā kōwhiringa kaha. Kei te āki hoki te ahumoni ki te huri ki ngā waka hiko, e āwhina ana i ngā rautaki taiao me te whai i ngā whāinga whakapai a te kamupene.